Historical Cause and Effects

Person’s name: Nelson Mandela Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Historical Cause and Effects specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Person’s name: Commodore Perry Person’s name: Pope Leo X Person’s name: Cortez Combined: Nelson Mandela, Pope Leo X, Commodore Perry, and cortex The prohibition of marriages Act was first passed in South Africa in 1949. This Act prohibits marriages between people of different races. Marriages between people of different races was termed illegal and had to be discouraged through the introduction of the Act. Before the enactment of the Act mixed marriages had already declined to about 0.23% of all the marriages in the country. The Act latter became effective in all African countries which still exist in some countries. After the election of P.W. Botha, as president the Act was repealed (Marryat, 50).Advertising Looking for report on history? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Instead of the Act bringing people together, it led to an increase in the levels of discrimination witnessed between the white and other races. The African could be seen as inferior to the whites and were denied equal opportunities as those given to the whites. People lived according to their cultures which they were not ready to let go. This further increased the disparity that existed between races leading to more discrimination. President P.W Both played a crucial role in demolishing the Act. He saw it as a hindrance to economic growth and development since people would find it difficult to work together with people from different races. Today, the Act has lost its significance and people have started intermarrying. This has resulted to a decline in the levels of discrimination which in turn has led to economic development in Africa. People are now free to marry publically from a person of their choice irrespe ctive of their ethnicity or race. Prison on Robben Island in Africa Robben Island has been a home for thousands of people for many years. However, since early seventh century, Robben Island has for most of the time been used as a prison. It is also used as a hospital, and a training station for the defense force. According to Marryat (97), the first people to be imprisoned in Robben Island prison were the first president of South Africa, Nelson Mandela, Robert Sobukwe, and other activists. In early 19th century, Robben Island acted as a hospital since it was seen as a secure place with a good environment for treating diseases. It was used as a hospital for treating leprosy and chronic diseases which was ineffective due to the in availability of cure. It therefore acted as a kind of prison even for the mentally ill and those suffering from leprosy since it would take a very long period of time before they fully recovered. Towards the end of the 20th century (1997 to be precise) Robbe n Island was used as a heritage site as well as a museum. Today, the museum takes center stage in the country’s heritage. It has become a tourism site that attracts hundreds of people from all over the world.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Historical Cause and Effects specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The fact that, it acted as the prison for most activists including president Nelson Mandela, has made it a dynamic museum where educational programs are run as well as research. It earns the country huge amounts of foreign exchange which have contributed to economic growth and development for the country. The Great Schism in Europe The Great Schism refers to the rift that was formed in the Catholic Church in the 17th century A.D. This marked the start of the separation that exists between the Roman Catholic and the Greek Catholic. Before the separation, the Catholic Church was ruled by five patriarchs each of the governing a patriarchate. These patriarchates were found in Rome, Antioch, Jerusalem, and Alexandria. Those in Rome spoke in Latin whereas the others spoke Greek since they were located in the East. Later the Emperor, Constantine, had the desire of creating an empire and moved the Christian empire to Byzantium. This was the time when the Germanic tribes began their invasion across Europe which plunged Europe into Dark Ages. There was economic, geographical, political interference that eventually resulted into the rift (the Great Schism) between the East and the West. The Western theologians could not speak Greek and therefore they were not able to read the books written by the eastern theologians. They had to write their own books in Latin since majority of the theologians were from the east. The Greek language was more flexible than the Latin which made writing easy and more expressive. Due to the inflexibility of the Latin language, there was a decline in the literacy forci ng the clergy to act as the main teaching authority. This resulted into more differences which aggravated the tension between the East and the West. In the west, new Christians had to use Latin as their ecclesiastical language, and look for leadership from Rome (Gstohl 3). On the other hand, new Christians in the East were able to read in their mother language since the missionaries translated the bible into different languages. More churches grew in the East which were independent of their mother church and were administered and governed separately. All clergy in the west were required by Rome to be celibate whereas the East allowed them to marry.Advertising Looking for report on history? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The effects of the Great schism are still felt today. It marked the beginning of the Protestant churches which are different from the Roman Catholic Church. Even today, clergy from the Roman church are not allowed to marry whereas the protestant clergy are encouraged to marry. The Reformation in Europe The European reformation occurred in the 16th century. It can be considered as one of the major historical events to have ever occurred in the world. Through the reformation, the bible was discovered which is now accessible in almost all languages. Before the reformation, there was no freedom regarding principle of religion, the rule of law, liberty, and separation of powers. It was through the European reformation that all these was achieved and continue to be enjoyed today. The early reformers fought for religious principles regarding the scriptures as being the only form of authority, and Christ being the head of the church (Gstohl 2) The reformation was seen as the only way of doi ng away with the irreligious acts that were practiced by the clergy. The church had become corrupt and allowed worldly practices which were also practiced by the clergy in the name of religion. They had a strong desire to rule the church and all its followers and be seen as men with authority. This disheartened many people who started crying for a reformation. The reformers were determined to change the moral lives of the followers especially the clergy and would not leave any stone unturned. Popes had forgotten their role in church and the only way to get them on tract was through a reformation (Ronald 4) The European reformation freed many governments from the authority laid by the popes and was able to make their own decisions. Peasants were also freed from paying taxes and countries such as England, were able to exercise their authority without the church interfering (Gstohl 3). The European reformation gave birth to the protestant movement which respected the bible and its auth ority. Church’s authority declined and people were able to live their lives as they pleased. was it not for the reformation, the Roman church would now be a den of robbers with the clergy trying to control everyone for their own benefits but not that of the church. European diseases in the early Americas When Europeans came to North America in the late 16th and early 17th centuries, they entered new territory, not only in terms of geography, but also in terms of culture, society, religion, technology and economics. Lacking information, they made a number of critical miscalculations about the New World. Many settlers assumed the climate would be similar to that of Europe at the same latitudes, but the differences between climates and ecologies of New England and Southern France, for instance, became apparent. As it turned out, the harsh winters and hot summers of eastern North America proved to be far more challenging than the early settlers had anticipated (Ronald 4). The foo ting of Europeans on the new continent was tenuous at first. Some of the European settlers, relying on incomplete, inaccurate or downright false information about the New World, brought with them crops that were difficult or impossible to grow where they landed, a factor that contributed to the high death rate among the early settlers. The Europeans were not able to withstand the harsh weather and as a result, they contacted many diseases among them being typhoid, and malaria. This later spread to the North American especially the ones living in the east where the where there was a bigger population of the Europeans. These diseases spread like fire and consumed a lot of time and money to treat while researchers looked for ways of preventing them. Commodore Perry’s Black Ships in Asia The black ships refer to the Japanese ships that arrived in the 15th to the 19th century. Commodore Matthew Perry went on a pilgrimage by ship to Japan in 1853 to introduce the importance of trad e to this isolated country of Japan. While Perry explored Japan, realistic paintings were fashioned on canvas showing the American point of view. During the same time period, an unknown Japanese artist sketched his ideas of the events that transpired while the U.S. Navy explored Edo and other sections of Japan. Two artists contributed to the understanding of the epic mission by the U.S. into Japan. The then US leader (Perry) advocated for scientific invention (Ronald 7). In 1954, the treaty between Commodore Mathew C. Perry and the Tokugawa shogunate opened ports in Japan that made trade easy between the Japanese and the U.S. sailors. However, it did not establish permanent residence except the one in Shimoda. United States Imperialism in Latin America At the beginning of the Great Depression, the United States troops were sent to explore Latin American for more than thirty times. These troops used the Roosevelt Corollary to justify their intervention to the Latin Ameriacan because they could not find any other excuse. The United States perceived itself as a civilized nation which had the right to intervene in other western countries for the purpose of stopping wrongdoing. Police power was used among the Latin Americans since they involved themselves in â€Å"chronic wrongdoing† which had to be put to an end. The imperialism of the U.S in Latin America changed the political, economic, and social stability of the country. Economic expansion was witnessed in major sectors and this was made easy by the introduction of the policy referred to as â€Å"the dollar diplomacy†. Through this policy, businesses in America and in other countries were protected resulting in economic development. Former governor of the Phillippines, William Howard Taft was behind the dollar diplomacy policy which he used to protect the American investments. The U.S imperialism marked the beginning of economic prosperity in the western countries which is still evident today. Th ese countries are the most developed nations in the world both economically and financially. Works Cited Gstohl, Mark. â€Å"The Magisterial Reformation†. Theological Perspectives of the Reformation, 2004. Web. Marryat, Frederick. The Mission; or Scenes in Africa, 2001. London: Nick Hodson. Ronald Segal. The Black Diaspora: Five Centuries of the Black Experience outside Africa, 1995. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux. This report on Historical Cause and Effects was written and submitted by user Teresa English to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Ethnography Proposal Essays

Ethnography Proposal Essays Ethnography Proposal Essay Ethnography Proposal Essay In my descriptive anthropology I’m traveling to analyze a cafe concatenation. such as Starbucks. I will be detecting every bit good as socialising in effort to compare and contrast multiple features one must hold to confront in working in such an environment. At Starbucks the Baristas must hold a echt cheerful personality to each client. I would wish to analyze a locally owned java house every bit good to compare the different environments and how 1 might maintain a little concern afloat when we have such big ironss. I will be detecting the interactions that the Barista have with each client and how he/she will manage that client. I plan to see at least two separate java houses that are comparatively close to one another and will inquire several clients from each store why they chose each java house. I will pass approximately two to three hours at both houses at around the same clip of the twenty-four hours. I will be sitting with a notebook to take notes on what I’m detecting. I may besides include a brief interview with at least one barista. in which I program to near with a simple inquiry inquiring if I could hold a minute of their clip to reply a few inquiries about their work environment. Questions will non be intrusive in any I am looking for more generic replies as to how they like working for chain/independent java houses. The ground I have chosen to analyze this group is because I want to calculate out how a little concern can vie with a big concatenation such as Starbucks. Everywhere one go one see a Starbucks and most schoolmates would wish to run into at a Starbucks so one can detect the different occasions people come in besides acquiring a cup of java. Besides caffeine is the universes most popular stimulate and four out of every five Americans drink java at any given clip. Some jobs i will confront in my research will be clocking. When is the best clip to come in and detect? How long will i be at that place for? I tend to detect by experience that java stores hit off at certain times of the twenty-four hours and are really empty at others. Where the java store is located will be a factor as good. Some inquiries i had about my survey is. I’m non certain who i should tilt my survey towards. would it be more hard to look at clients or at the employers. Besides should i be comparing separate java houses or merely lodging to one?

The European sovereign debt crisis Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

The European sovereign debt crisis - Assignment Example Consequently, the euro debt crisis is crucial as one intends to study its spillover effects. This is because the crisis was characterized by decisions and events at a political level (Acharya and Steffen, 2012, p. 12). In this case, the Euro debt crisis will be viewed as a financial phenomenon that affected the European region. Historical events associated with the Euro sovereign debt crisis will investigate the negative watches and downgrades on European governments, financial markets, stock, and bond markets. The Euro sovereign debt crisis reached its peak in March 2012 after Greece conducted the largest sovereign debt restructuring. Countries such as Spain, Ireland, Italy and Portugal were also facing serious financial crisis. It is essential to note that all member states of the European Monetary Union provided loan guarantees. As a result, the creditworthiness of the region was at stake (Ahearne, Griever and Warnock, 2004, p. 316). The effect of this event was that all member st ates of the Euro, even states that had sound public finances, were subjected to downgrades or placed on negative watches by global rating agencies. Some of the countries lost their investment grade statuses. This is an alarming signal for international investors. Before, the first country was downgraded, speculation against the EURO was attracted and the stock markets turned down. As a result, some countries began losing their access to capital markets. European Union politicians devised a plan to accuse credit rating agencies, which worsened the crisis (Andrade and Chhaochharia, 2010, p. 2431). Changes in funding conditions used by banks are important in the assessment of financial intermediaries. These intermediaries supply credit to the economy. Since 2009, the remuneration on deposits in core European Union countries remained unchanged. However, there were large dispersions compared to the period prior to the crisis. The costs of the deposits increased significantly in several p eripheral countries (Angeloni and Wolff, 2012, p. 19). This reflected the difficulties that banks were experiencing as they tried to obtain funds through market sources. In 2012, these rates decreased owing to the improvements in market confidence that triggered the cut in ECD interest rates. Funding difficulties experienced by peripheral countries adversely affected the financial conditions, non-financial corporations and households. For instance, the charge of short-term loans to a non-financial corporation augmented unexpectedly in peripheral countries, in 2011. In countries such as Portugal and Greece, the interest rates neared the levels of 2008 (Arezki, Candelon and Sy, 2011, p. 9). Reactions of the European Money Markets The sovereign debt crisis sent ripples all over the international banking systems. This prompted interventions by central banks and governments on a scale that is comparable to the programs instituted during the 2008 financial crisis. European authorities ple dged financial support to the tune of 1 trillion EURO. This support was meant for the recapitalization of the challenged Euro area countries (Arteta and Hale, 2008, p. 59). The European Central Bank injected an exceptional amount of liquidity in order to mitigate the effects of the banking system balance sheet disclosure especially the deteriorating sovereign debt. European banks hold huge amounts of debt securities in government. They hold these debts as securities because the Capital